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Outpatient continuous intravenous interleukin-2 or subcutaneous, polyethylene glycol-modified interleukin-2 in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients: a randomized, controlled, multicenter study. Australian IL-2 Study Group.

Author(s): Carr A, Emery S, Lloyd A, Hoy J, Garsia R, French M, Stewart G, Fyfe G, Cooper DA

Affiliation(s): HIV Medicine Unit, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia. acarr@stvincents.com.au

Publication date & source: 1998-10, J Infect Dis., 178(4):992-9.

Publication type: Clinical Trial; Multicenter Study; Randomized Controlled Trial

The safety and activity of outpatient-based continuous intravenous interleukin-2 (CIV IL-2) or a slow-release, polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified IL-2 were studied in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons with CD4 cell counts between 200 and 500/mm3. One hundred fifteen patients were randomized to antiretroviral therapy plus cyclical CIV IL-2 (n = 27), subcutaneous PEG IL-2 (n = 58), or no IL-2 (n = 30). Toxicity withdrawal rates were low (4% for CIV IL-2 and 7% for PEG IL-2). There were median CD4 cell count increases of 359 and 44 cells/mm3 and a decline of 46 cells/mm3 in the 3 groups, respectively, over 1 year (P < .0001 for each intergroup comparison). CD4 cell count increases were greatest in those with lower HIV RNA load. Delayed-type hypersensitivity scores increased and HLA-DR expression on CD8 cells decreased significantly with IL-2 therapy. HIV RNA levels were unaffected. IL-2 therapy may expand the existing immune repertoire but not immediately reconstitute lost immune function.

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