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A pharmacokinetic evaluation of five H(1) antagonists after an oral and intravenous microdose to human subjects.

Author(s): Madan A, O'Brien Z, Wen J, O'Brien C, Farber RH, Beaton G, Crowe P, Oosterhuis B, Garner RC, Lappin G, Bozigian HP

Affiliation(s): Neurocrine Biosciences, San Diego, CA 92130, USA. amadan@neurocrine.com

Publication date & source: 2009-03, Br J Clin Pharmacol., 67(3):288-98.

Publication type: Clinical Trial; Randomized Controlled Trial

AIMS: To evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PK) of five H(1) receptor antagonists in human volunteers after a single oral and intravenous (i.v.) microdose (0.1 mg). METHODS: Five H(1) receptor antagonists, namely NBI-1, NBI-2, NBI-3, NBI-4 and diphenhydramine, were administered to human volunteers as a single 0.1-mg oral and i.v. dose. Blood samples were collected up to 48 h, and the parent compound in the plasma extract was quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography and accelerator mass spectroscopy. RESULTS: The median clearance (CL), apparent volume of distribution (V(d)) and apparent terminal elimination half-life (t(1/2)) of diphenhydramine after an i.v. microdose were 24.7 l h(-1), 302 l and 9.3 h, and the oral C(max) and AUC(0-infinity) were 0.195 ng ml(-1) and 1.52 ng h ml(-1), respectively. These data were consistent with previously published diphenhydramine data at 500 times the microdose. The rank order of oral bioavailability of the five compounds was as follows: NBI-2 > NBI-1 > NBI-3 > diphenhydramine > NBI-4, whereas the rank order for CL was NBI-4 > diphenhydramine > NBI-1 > NBI-3 > NBI-2. CONCLUSIONS: Human microdosing provided estimates of clinical PK of four structurally related compounds, which were deemed useful for compound selection.

Page last updated: 2009-10-20

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