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Active ingredient: Alpha-1-Proteinase Inhibitor - Brands, Medical Use, Clinical Data

Brands, Medical Use, Clinical Data

Drug Category

  • Enzyme replacement

Dosage Forms

  • Powder for solution
  • Solution (IV)

Brands / Synonyms

Alpha-1 protease inhibitor; Alpha-1- antiproteinase; Alpha-1-antitrypsin precursor; Aralast (Baxter); Prolastin (Talecris Biotherapeutics C formerly Bayer)

Description

Human alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor or alpha-1-antitrypsin, prepared from human plasma via Cohn alcohol fractionation followed by PEG and zinc chloride fractionation.

Indications

For treatment of panacinar emphysema

Pharmacology

Prevents excessive accumulation of active neutrophil elastase and consequent proteolysis of elastin tissues in alveolar lung structures. This prevents the development of emphysema.

Mechanism of Action

Alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor is a serine protease inhibitor (Serpin). It primarily inhibits the action of the serine protease called elastase (also plasmin and thrombin). The reactive center loop (RCL) of alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor extends out from the body of the protein and directs binding to the target protease. The protease cleaves the serpin at the reactive site, establishing a covalent linkage between the carboxyl group of the serpin reactive site and the serine hydroxyl of the protease. The resulting inactive serpin-protease complex is highly stable.

Absorption

Not Available

Toxicity

Not Available

Biotrnasformation / Drug Metabolism

Not Available

Contraindications

Not Available

Drug Interactions

Not Available

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