Brands, Medical Use, Clinical Data
Drug Category
- Bronchodilator Agents
- Cholinergic Antagonists
- Antimuscarinics
- Antispasmodics
Dosage Forms
- Aerosol (with propellants)
- Liquid
- Metered-dose (aerosol)
- Metered-dose (pump)
- Solution
Brands / Synonyms
Aerovent; Apo-Ipravent; Apovent; Atronase; Atrovent; Atrovent Aerosol; Atrovent HFA; Atrovent Nasal; Bitrop; Combivent; Combivent Respimat; Disne-Asmol; Duoneb; Ipatropium Bromide; Ipratropium and Albuterol; Ipratropium Bromide; Ipravent; Ipvent; Kendral-Ipratropium; N-Isopropylatropine; Narilet; Rhinotrop; Rhinovent; Rinatec; Rinoberen; Rinovagos; Vagos
Indications
For maintenance treatment of bronchospasm associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
Pharmacology
Ipratropium bromide, a synthetic ammonium compound structurally similar to atropine, is used as a bronchodilator in the management of cholinergic-mediated bronchospasm associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and in the treatment of rhinorrhea associated with the common cold or with allergic or nonallergic seasonal rhinitis.
Mechanism of Action
Ipratropium bromide is an anticholinergic agent. It blocks muscarinic cholinergic receptors, without specificity for subtypes, resulting in a decrease in the formation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Most likely due to actions of cGMP on intracellular calcium, this results in decreased contractility of smooth muscle.
Absorption
Inhalation (local)-minimal; Nasal-rapid and minimal
Toxicity
LD50=1001mg/kg (orally in mice)
Biotrnasformation / Drug Metabolism
Hepatic
Contraindications
ATROVENT (ipratropium bromide) Inhalation Aerosol is contraindicated in patients with a history of
hypersensitivity to soya lecithin or related food products such as soybean and peanut. ATROVENT Inhalation Aerosol
should also not be taken by patients hypersensitive to any other components of the drug product or to atropine or its
derivatives.
Drug Interactions
ATROVENT Inhalation Aerosol has been used concomitantly with other drugs, including sympathomimetic
bronchodilators, methylxanthines, and steroids, commonly used in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease. With the exception of albuterol, there are no formal studies fully evaluating the interaction effects of
ATROVENT Inhalation Aerosol and these drugs with respect to effectiveness.
Anticholinergic agents: Although ipratropium bromide is minimally absorbed into the systemic circulation,
there is some potential for an additive interaction with concomitantly used anticholinergic medications. Caution is
therefore advised in the coadministration of ATROVENT Inhalation Aerosol with other anticholinergic-containing
drugs.
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