Brands, Medical Use, Clinical Data
Drug Category
- Anti-Bacterial Agents
- Penicillins
Dosage Forms
Brands / Synonyms
Bactocill; Bactocill In Plastic Container; Clossacillina [DCIT]; Cloxacilina [INN-Spanish]; Cloxacillin; Cloxacillin Sodium; Cloxacilline [INN-French]; Cloxacillinum [INN-Latin]; Cloxapen; CXN; Dicloxacillin Sodium; Dycill; Dynapen; Methocillin S; Oxacillin; Oxacillin Sodium; Pathocil; Prostaphlin; Syntarpen; Tegopen
Indications
Used in resistant staphylococci infections
Pharmacology
Oxacillin is a penicillin beta-lactam antibiotic used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually gram-positive, organisms. The name "penicillin" can either refer to several variants of penicillin available, or to the group of antibiotics derived from the penicillins. Oxacillin has in vitro activity against gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. The bactericidal activity of Oxacillin results from the inhibition of cell wall synthesis and is mediated through Oxacillin binding to penicillin binding proteins (PBPs). Oxacillin is stable against hydrolysis by a variety of beta-lactamases, including penicillinases, and cephalosporinases and extended spectrum beta-lactamases.
Mechanism of Action
By binding to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, Oxacillin inhibits the third and last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Cell lysis is then mediated by bacterial cell wall autolytic enzymes such as autolysins; it is possible that Oxacillin interferes with an autolysin inhibitor.
Absorption
Not Available
Toxicity
Not Available
Biotrnasformation / Drug Metabolism
Not Available
Contraindications
A history of a hypersensitivity (anaphylactic) reaction to any penicillin is a contraindication.
Drug Interactions
Tetracycline, a bacteriostatic antibiotic, may antagonize the bactericidal effect of penicillin and concurrent use
of these drugs should be avoided.
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