ALINIA SUMMARY
Alinia Tablets and Alinia for Oral Suspension contain the active ingredient, nitazoxanide, a synthetic antiprotozoal agent for oral administration. Nitazoxanide is a light yellow crystalline powder. It is poorly soluble in ethanol and practically insoluble in water.
Diarrhea caused by Giardia lamblia or Cryptosporidium parvum:
Alinia for Oral Suspension (patients 1 year of age and older) and Alinia Tablets (patients 12 years and older) are indicated for the treatment of diarrhea caused by Giardia lamblia or Cryptosporidium parvum.
Alinia for Oral Suspension and Alinia Tablets have not been shown to be superior to placebo for the treatment of diarrhea caused by Cryptosporidium parvum in HIV-infected or immunodeficient patients (see
CLINICAL STUDIES).
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NEWS HIGHLIGHTS
Published Studies Related to Alinia (Nitazoxanide)
Effect of nitazoxanide in adults and adolescents with acute uncomplicated
influenza: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2b/3 trial. [2014] anti-infective, for treatment of acute uncomplicated influenza... INTERPRETATION: Treatment with nitazoxanide 600 mg twice daily for 5 days was
Nitazoxanide for the empiric treatment of pediatric infectious diarrhea. [2012] We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial to demonstrate the
efficacy of nitazoxanide suspension for the treatment of presumed infectious
diarrhea in children... These results suggest nitazoxanide may be a viable therapeutic
option for the empiric treatment of diarrheal illness in children where the
etiology is unknown or presumed to be of infectious origin.
A Randomized Study Comparing Levofloxacin, Omeprazole, Nitazoxanide, and Doxycycline versus Triple Therapy for the Eradication of Helicobacter pylori. [2011.11] OBJECTIVES: Resistance to standard Helicobacter pylori (HP) treatment regimens has led to unsatisfactory cure rates in HP-infected patients. This study was designed to evaluate a novel four-drug regimen (three antibiotics and a proton pump inhibitor (PPI)) for eradication of HP infection in treatment-naive patients... CONCLUSIONS: This open-label, prospective trial demonstrates that LOAD is a highly active regimen for the treatment of HP in treatment-naive patients. A large randomized controlled trial is warranted to further evaluate the efficacy of this regimen.
High dose prolonged treatment with nitazoxanide is not effective for cryptosporidiosis in HIV positive Zambian children: a randomised controlled trial. [2009.12.02] BACKGROUND: Treatment of cryptosporidiosis in HIV infected children has proved difficult and unsatisfactory with no drugs having demonstrable efficacy in controlled trials except nitazoxanide. We hypothesised that a prolonged course of treatment with high dose nitazoxanide would be effective in treating cryptosporidiosis in HIV positive Zambian children... CONCLUSION: We found no significant benefit in children with cryptosporidiosis despite high dose and longer treatment duration. This is the second randomised controlled trial to suggest that in Zambian children with HIV-related immunosuppression nitazoxanide does not eradicate this infection nor provide clinical symptom reduction. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The trial was registered as ISRCTN41089957.
Nitazoxanide vs. probiotics for the treatment of acute rotavirus diarrhea in children: a randomized, single-blind, controlled trial in Bolivian children. [2009.07] BACKGROUND: In previous studies, nitazoxanide has demonstrated a cytoprotective effect against rotavirus, reducing the duration of diarrhea in comparison to placebo. We designed a randomized, single-blind, controlled trial in order to assess the effectiveness of nitazoxanide and probiotics in comparison with a control group... CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with nitazoxanide and probiotics is effective in the management of children with acute rotavirus diarrhea. Small differences in favor of nitazoxanide were found in comparison with probiotics. Nitazoxanide is an important treatment option for rotavirus diarrhea.
Clinical Trials Related to Alinia (Nitazoxanide)
Study of the Impact of Nitazoxanide on Chronic Hepatitis Patients [Completed]
The main objective of antiviral therapy of patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is the
sustained elimination of the hepatitis C virus (HCV). The standard of care (SOC) is
peginterferon alfa-2a/-2b with ribavirin for 48 weeks or 24 weeks according to HCV genotype.
However, this approach is not sufficient to substantially improve the sustained virologic
response (SVR) rates. Therefore, new therapies are needed to treat patients with hepatitis C
virus (HCV) infection. Nitazoxanide (NTZ), originally used to treat cryptosporidium parvum
infection, recently was shown to have an unexpected antiviral activity in the HCV replicon
system and in chronically infected patients.
The aim of this work is to study impact of nitazoxanide therapy in addition to
peginterferon/ribavirin combination on virologic responses in patients with chronic
hepatitis C genotype 4.
Patients will be enrolled in this study and will be randomly assigned in a 1: 1 ratio into 2
groups:
Group A: comprises 100 CHC patients who will receive the standard of care treatment,
peginterferon-alf 2a plus weight-based ribavirin for 48 weeks.
Group B: comprises 100 CHC patients who will receive nitazoxanide monotherapy at a dose of
500 mg twice daily for 12 weeks as a lead-in phase followed by triple therapy, nitazoxanide
500 mg twice daily plus peginterferon alfa-2a, and weight-based ribavirin for 48 weeks.
Data will be collected and statistical analysis will be done comparing the groups regarding
response to antiviral therapy. Final results will be discussed and compared to similar
studies published in peer reviewed journals and international conferences.
Efficacy of Pegylated Interferon Plus Ribavirin Plus Nitazoxanide in HCV Genotype 4 and HIV Coinfection [Active, not recruiting]
Objectives: 1. Primary objective: To Evaluate the rate of sustained virological response
(SVR) of pegylated interferon alfa-2b (Peg-IFN) plus ribavirin (RBV) plus nitazoxanide (NTZ)
in patients coinfected by HIV and HCV genotype 4 (HCV-4), never treated before (naïve) and
with a treatment failure to a standard therapy with Peg-IFN plus RBV (experienced), and to
compare it with the rate of SVR of these patients with Peg-IFN plus RBV is a historical
cohort. 2. Secondary objectives: In naive, as well as in experienced patients: a) To
evaluate the virological activity at weeks 4 and 12 after starting the combination of
Peg-IFN plus RBV plus NTZ in HIV/HCV-4-coinfected patients. b) To analyze the safety of
Peg-IFN plus RBV plus NTZ in HIV/HCV-4-coinfected patients.
Design: Pilot clinical trial without control to evaluate efficacy and safety (phase II).
Patients: Individuals with HIV infection and with confirmed chronic HCV infection.
Treatment: NTZ 500 mg every 12 hours during 4 weeks, followed by NTZ 500 mg every 12 hours
plus Peg-IFN plus weigh-adjusted RBV for 48 weeks. Total duration of therapy: 52 weeks.
Primary variable: The proportion of patients with HCV RNA ≤10 IU/ml 24 weeks after finishing
the programmed length of treatment.
Secondary variables: 1. The frequency of individuals with HCV RNA ≤10 IU/ml 12 weeks after
finishing the programmed length of treatment. 2. The proportion of patients with HCV RNA ≤10
IU/ml at 4 and 12 weeks after adding PegIFN plus RBV to NTZ. 3. The frequency of severe
adverse events.
The Effects of Nitazoxanide in Hepatic Encephalopathy [Recruiting]
Evaluating the efficacy and safety of nitazoxanide in comparison to standard treatment in
patients with grade II-III hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Also, Evaluating the effect of
administering nitazoxanide on the improvement of patient's quality of life.
Safety and Efficacy Study of Nitazoxanide in the Treatment of Acute Uncomplicated Influenza [Completed]
This is a randomized clinical trial designed to evaluate the safety/efficacy of two dosing
regimens of oral nitazoxanide compared to placebo in the treatment of acute uncomplicated
influenza in adults and adolescents. The investigators hypothesize that treatment with
Nitazoxanide will reduce the duration of symptoms in patients with confirmed influenza
infection. Secondarily, the investigators hypothesize that treatment with nitazoxanide will
reduce the complications of influenza, severity of symptoms, time lost from work, time to
return to normal daily activities.
Study of Nitazoxanide, Peginterferon, and Ribavirin Combination Therapies in the Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C [Completed]
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of
nitazoxanide-peginterferon and nitazoxanide-peginterferon-ribavirin combination regimens
compared to the standard of care (peginterferon-ribavirin) in treating chronic hepatitis C
genotype 4. The study will also evaluate the effect of the studied treatment regimens on
end of treatment virologic response, ALT normalization and safety parameters.
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Page last updated: 2014-11-30
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