AMINOHIPPURATE SUMMARY
Aminohippurate sodium* is an agent to measure effective renal plasma flow (ERPF). It is the sodium salt of para-aminohippuric acid, commonly abbreviated "PAH."It is water soluble, lipid-insoluble, and has a pKa of 3.83.
Estimation of effective renal plasma flow.
Measurement of the functional capacity of the renal tubular secretory mechanism.
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NEWS HIGHLIGHTS
Published Studies Related to Aminohippurate
Effects of tenoxicam on renal function and the disposition of inulin and p-aminohippurate in healthy volunteers and patients with chronic renal failure. [1991.10] 1. The effects of tenoxicam on renal function were studied in 10 patients with chronic renal failure (creatinine clearance 46.7 +/- 11.9 ml min-1 1.73 m-2) and eight healthy volunteers... The administration of tenoxicam for 10 days was associated with a small but significant increase in the plasma half-life and volume of distribution of inulin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS).
Clinical Trials Related to Aminohippurate
A Phase 1, Open Label, Placebo-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Effect of GSK1349572 on Iohexol and Para-Aminohippurate Clearance in Healthy Subjects [Completed]
The current study is designed to confirm the mechanism behind the increase in serum
creatinine observed during GSK1349572 therapy; specifically, the study will determine
whether GSK1349572 has any effect on glomerular filtration rate (GFR) or effective renal
plasma flow. Absent such effects, one may conclude that the small increases in serum
creatinine observed are due to the inhibition of the tubular secretion of creatinine via
organic cation transporter 2 (OCT2) consistent with in vitro data. .
Investigation of Gender Specificity of the Effects of Furosemide in Healthy Female and Male Volunteers [Not yet recruiting]
In this study the gender specificity of the effects of furosemide in female and male
volunteers will be investigated. The healthy volunteers receive 1. furosemide and 2.
aminohippurate sodium "PAH" as single dose. The main objective is gender-specific comparison
of the pharmacokinetic parameters of furosemide in relation to the effect of furosemide
(urinary excretion). Secondary objectives are the gender-specific comparison of renal and
systemic PAH clearance with the clearance of furosemide and the influence of various genetic
polymorphisms on the variability of furosemide pharmacokinetics.
Determination of Kidney Function [Recruiting]
Much more about kidney disorders can be learned by determining kidney function. This
research proposes to study the kidneys function by several parameters known as glomerular
filtration rate (GFR), Renal Plasma Flow (RPF), and Glomerular Capillary Wall
Permselectivity.
The study will select patients suffering from different types of kidney diseases. These
patients will be selected based on the presence of significant amounts of protein in their
urine (proteinuria).
Standard blood and urine tests are often unable to provide completely accurate information
about the kidney. In order for researchers to have a more accurate idea of kidney function,
they will use alternative tests. Test materials (para aminohippurate and inulin) will be
injected into patients veins that provides information based on their filtration through the
kidneys.
Evaluation of Lysine-Specific Demethylase 1 [Not yet recruiting]
Thank you for your interest in our Blood Pressure Research Study. The American Heart
Association is sponsoring us to investigate why patients develop high blood pressure,
atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries), and heart disease. There are two parts of our
research program. The first part is a screening visit. At this visit you will be given a
brief physical exam and will be asked questions concerning your medical history. During the
same visit you will have your blood drawn for routine screening and genetic testing. You
will also be asked to collect a urine sample for routine screening.
If the doctor finds that you are a healthy candidate you will be invited to participate in
the second part of the study. During Phase II, we will perform physiological tests after
you are placed on a low salt diet and again after you are placed on a higher salt diet. If
you are on blood pressure medication, it may be necessary to discontinue taking your present
medication for up to three months before beginning the study. Patients discontinuing their
current blood pressure medication may be placed on a different blood pressure medication
during this 'washout' period if necessary to maintain blood pressure at pre-study levels.
Once your blood pressure medications are discontinued, you will be closely monitored. If
you do not own a home blood pressure monitor, we will provide one for you to use during the
study so that you can keep a daily record of your blood pressure readings. We will ask you
to call us every three days to report your blood pressure readings. After you have stopped
taking your medication, dietitians at the hospital will make you low salt meals to eat at
home for about seven days. On the last day of the low salt diet, you will be asked to begin
a 24-hour urine collection that you will bring with you when you are admitted to the
hospital that evening. That morning, you will be required to come to the Center for
Clinical Investigations (CCI) at Brigham and Women's Hospital for a one-hour test to check
if your body is in the correct salt balance.
You will return that evening to the CCI where you will be admitted for your study that will
occur the next morning. On the morning of your low salt study, we will collect some blood
samples. We will also take ultrasound pictures of your heart to see how salt and hormones
affect the way your heart and blood vessels functions. These tests will last approximately 5
hours and you will be discharged around 2: 00 PM. For the next 5-7 days, you will be placed
on a liberal salt diet. During this diet period, you will eat all your own food, but we
will give you some supplements to add to your meals. After 5-7 days on your liberal salt
diet, on the morning of your second admission to the hospital, you will be asked to begin a
final 24-hour urine collection. That morning, you will again be required to come to the CCI
for a blood test, and you will return later that evening to the inpatient CCI where you will
be admitted for your final overnight study. The same study that was done for the low salt
diet will be repeated for the liberal salt study. You will be discharged at around 2: 00
p. m. These studies will help to determine if you are salt-sensitive. In addition, we hope
to learn more about the hormones that regulate your blood pressure and the genes responsible
for regulating those hormones.
You will be placed back on your initial blood pressure medication (if you are on any) and
returned to your regular physician for care. We can also provide clinically relevant
information to you.
Vascular Dysfunction in Diabetes: Genes and Hormones [Active, not recruiting]
The investigators are very excited that the National Institutes of Health are sponsoring us
to investigate why patients with diabetes are more likely to develop high blood pressure,
atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries), and heart disease. There are two parts of our
research program. The first part is a screening visit. At this visit you will be given a
brief physical exam and will be asked questions concerning your medical history. During the
same visit you will have your blood drawn for routine screening and to prepare DNA for
genetic testing. You will also be asked to collect a urine sample for routine screening.
If the doctor finds that you are a healthy candidate you will be invited to participate in
the second part of the study. During Phase II the investigators will perform physiologic
tests after you are placed on a low salt diet and again after you are placed on a high salt
diet. All of the food that you will eat during the two diets will be provided to you by the
hospital. If you are on blood pressure medication, it may be necessary to discontinue
taking your present medication for up to three months before beginning the study. Patients
discontinuing their current blood pressure medication may be placed on a different blood
pressure medication during this washout period if necessary to maintain blood pressure at
pre-study levels. The investigators will take you off all medications, except cholesterol
medications two weeks prior to your scheduled in-patient study. However, if you are
currently on medication to control your diabetes you will remain on this throughout the
entire study.
Once your blood pressure medications are discontinued, you will be closely monitored to make
sure you do not encounter any difficulty. If you do not own a home blood pressure monitor,
the investigators will provide one for to use during the study so that you can keep a daily
record of your blood pressure readings. The investigators will ask you to call us every
three days to report your blood pressure readings. Less than 20% of patients with
hypertension have any significant increase in their blood pressure during this short time
off therapy. After you have been off your medication for nine days the dieticians will give
you low salt meals to eat at home for six days. On the sixth day of the low salt diet, you
will be asked to begin a 24-hour urine collection. You will also be required to come to the
Ambulatory Clinical Center (221 Longwood Ave.) for a one-hour test. You will return that
evening to the inpatient Clinical Research Center where you will be admitted for your first
study that will occur the next morning. On the morning of your low salt study you will have
three naturally occurring hormones administered and blood samples drawn from an intravenous
needle. The investigators will also take ultrasound pictures of your heart to see how salt
and hormones affect the way the heart functions. These tests will last approximately five
hours and you will be discharged around 12: 00 p. m. The dieticians will then give you your
meals for the next week to take home. Each of these meals will have a high salt content.
After six days of your high salt diet, on the morning of your second admission to the
hospital, you will be asked to begin a final 24-hour urine collection. The same study that
was done for the low salt study will be repeated for the high salt study. You will be
discharged around 3: 00 p. m. This study will determine if you are salt-sensitive. A high
salt diet has been found to lead to higher blood pressure and weight gain. In addition, the
investigators hope to learn more about the hormones that regulate your blood pressure and
the genes responsible for regulating those hormones.
You will be placed back on your initial blood pressure medication (if you are on any) and
returned to your regular physician for care. The investigators will provide clinically
relevant information to you and your physician.
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Page last updated: 2006-01-31
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