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Buspirone (Buspirone Hydrochloride) - Summary

 
 



BUSPIRONE SUMMARY

Buspirone hydrochloride tablets USP are an antianxiety agent that is not chemically or pharmacologically related to the benzodiazepines, barbiturates, or other sedative/anxiolytic drugs. Buspirone hydrochloride is a white crystalline, water soluble compound.

Buspirone hydrochloride tablets are indicated for the management of anxiety disorders or the short-term relief of the symptoms of anxiety. Anxiety or tension associated with the stress of everyday life usually does not require treatment with an anxiolytic.

The efficacy of buspirone hydrochloride tablets has been demonstrated in controlled clinical trials of outpatients whose diagnosis roughly corresponds to Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). Many of the patients enrolled in these studies also had coexisting depressive symptoms and buspirone hydrochloride tablets relieved anxiety in the presence of these coexisting depressive symptoms. The patients evaluated in these studies had experienced symptoms for periods of 1 month to over 1 year prior to the study, with an average symptom duration of 6 months. Generalized Anxiety Disorder (300.02) is described in the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, III as follows: 1

Generalized, persistent anxiety (of at least 1 month continual duration), manifested by symptoms from three of the four following categories:

  1. Motor tension: shakiness, jitteriness, jumpiness, trembling, tension, muscle aches, fatigability, inability to relax, eyelid twitch, furrowed brow, strained face, fidgeting, restlessness, easy startle.
  2. Autonomic hyperactivity: sweating, heart pounding or racing, cold, clammy hands, dry mouth, dizziness, lightheadedness, paresthesias (tingling in hands or feet), upset stomach, hot or cold spells, frequent urination, diarrhea, discomfort in the pit of the stomach, lump in the throat, flushing, pallor, high resting pulse and respiration rate.
  3. Apprehensive expectation: anxiety, worry, fear, rumination, and anticipation of misfortune to self or others.
  4. Vigilance and scanning: hyperattentiveness resulting in distractibility, difficulty in concentrating, insomnia, feeling “on edge,” irritability, impatience.

The above symptoms would not be due to another mental disorder, such as a depressive disorder or schizophrenia. However, mild depressive symptoms are common in GAD.

The effectiveness of buspirone hydrochloride tablets in long-term use, that is, for more than 3 to 4 weeks, has not been demonstrated in controlled trials. There is no body of evidence available that systematically addresses the appropriate duration of treatment for GAD. However, in a study of long-term use, 264 patients were treated with buspirone hydrochloride tablets for 1 year without ill effect. Therefore, the physician who elects to use buspirone hydrochloride tablets for extended periods should periodically reassess the usefulness of the drug for the individual patient.


See all Buspirone indications & dosage >>

NEWS HIGHLIGHTS

Media Articles Related to Buspirone

Chronic Pain Common in Adults With Depression, Anxiety
Source: MedicineNet Bipolar Disorder Specialty [2017.06.07]
Title: Chronic Pain Common in Adults With Depression, Anxiety
Category: Health News
Created: 6/6/2017 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 6/7/2017 12:00:00 AM

Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Source: MedicineNet alprazolam Specialty [2017.05.30]
Title: Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Category: Symptoms and Signs
Created: 2/20/2014 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 5/30/2017 12:00:00 AM

Anxiety
Source: MedicineNet Holiday Depression And Stress Specialty [2017.05.01]
Title: Anxiety
Category: Symptoms and Signs
Created: 10/13/2003 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 5/1/2017 12:00:00 AM

Anxiety Disorder Pictures: Symptoms, Panic Attacks, and More with Pictures
Source: MedicineNet temazepam Specialty [2016.06.09]
Title: Anxiety Disorder Pictures: Symptoms, Panic Attacks, and More with Pictures
Category: Slideshows
Created: 2/2/2012 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 6/9/2016 12:00:00 AM

Positive Topline Results for Cannabinoid Gel in Fragile X
Source: Medscape NeurologyHeadlines [2017.09.29]
An investigational transdermal cannabinoid gel led to significant and clinically meaningful improvement in anxiety and difficult behaviors in a phase 2 study of children with fragile X syndrome.
Medscape Medical News

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Published Studies Related to Buspirone

A randomized trial of concurrent smoking-cessation and substance use disorder treatment in stimulant-dependent smokers. [2014]
CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that providing smoking-cessation treatment to

Evaluation of buspirone for relapse-prevention in adults with cocaine dependence: an efficacy trial conducted in the real world. [2012]
Cocaine dependence is a significant public health problem for which there are currently no FDA-approved medications.Unique aspects of the study include conducting an efficacy trial in community treatment programs, a two-stage process to efficiently evaluate buspirone, and an evaluation of mediators by which buspirone might exert a beneficial effect on relapse prevention.

A pilot study of the efficacy and safety of paroxetine augmented with risperidone, valproate, buspirone, trazodone, or thyroid hormone in adult Chinese patients with treatment-resistant major depression. [2011]
To compare the efficacy and safety of augmenting paroxetine with risperidone, buspirone, valproate, trazodone, or thyroid hormone in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD), 225 patients with retrospectively and/or prospectively identified stage II TRD were randomly assigned to receive an 8-week treatment of paroxetine 20 mg/d augmented with risperidone 2 mg/d (n = 45), sodium valproate 600 mg/d (n = 39), buspirone 30 mg/d (n = 46), trazodone 100 mg/d (n = 47), or thyroid hormone 80 mg/d (n = 48)...

A double-blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled trial of buspirone added to risperidone in patients with chronic schizophrenia. [2010.12]
OBJECTIVE: The role of partial agonism at 5-HT1A receptors in general and of buspirone in particular remains unclear in the treatment of negative symptoms of schizophrenia. This study was designed to investigate the effect of buspirone added to risperidone as augmentation therapy in patients with chronic schizophrenia and prominent negative symptoms in a double-blind randomized clinical trial... CONCLUSIONS: The present study indicates buspirone as a potential adjunctive treatment strategy for the treatment of schizophrenia, in particular, negative symptoms. Nevertheless, results of larger controlled trials are needed before recommendation for a broad clinical application can be made. This trial is registered with the Iranian Clinical Trials Registry (IRCT138712051556N8).

Buspirone versus methylphenidate in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a double-blind and randomized trial. [2010.12]
The efficacy and side effects of buspirone compared with methylphenidate (MPH) in the treatment of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A total of 34 children with ADHD as defined by DSM-IV-TR were randomized to buspirone or methylphenidate dosed on weight-adjusted basis at buspirone (0.5 mg/kg/day) and methylphenidate (0.3-1 mg/kg/day) for a 6-week double-blind clinical trial...

more studies >>

Clinical Trials Related to Buspirone

Exploring Occupancy of Dopamine D3 Receptor by Buspirone in Humans Using PET [Completed]
The objective of the present study is to use positron emission tomography brain imaging to investigate D3 occupancy of buspirone, an FDA-approved anxiolytic which acts as a serotonin partial agonist but has recently been identified as a D3 antagonist. It is hypothesized that clinically relevant doses of buspirone will occupy the D3 receptor.

Study of Buspirone for Relapse-Prevention in Adults With Cocaine Dependence [Completed]
The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether or not buspirone is effective in preventing relapse in cocaine-dependent adults in inpatient/residential treatment who are planning to enter outpatient treatment upon inpatient/residential discharge.

Buspirone, Stress, and Attentional Bias to Marijuana Cues [Recruiting]
This project has two primary goals. The first goal is to further scientific understanding about marijuana abuse by examining two recognized factors in marijuana use and relapse: (1) stress/anxiety and (2) atypical reactivity to marijuana-related stimuli (e. g., attentional bias). The second goal is to attenuate the influence of stress/anxiety and attentional bias to marijuana stimuli via administration of buspirone. Buspirone is uniquely suited to this project because it has effects on neurotransmitter systems known to modulate both stress/anxiety and attentional bias.

Buspirone in the Treatment of 2-6 Year Old Children With Autistic Disorder [Active, not recruiting]
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of twice-daily oral buspirone on core features of autism in autistic children aged 2-6 years as measured by the change from baseline in the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) Composite Total scores compared to placebo at 6 months.

Double-blind Trial of Buspirone for the Treatment of Anxiety in Youth With Autism Spectrum Disorders [Withdrawn]
The main objective of this exploratory 8 week pilot study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of buspirone for the treatment of anxiety in youth (ages 6-17 years) with autism spectrum disorders. The study results will be used to generate hypotheses for a larger randomized controlled clinical trial with explicit hypotheses and sufficient statistical power.

more trials >>


Page last updated: 2017-09-29

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