DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
General
Treatment with CEPROTIN should be initiated under the supervision of a physician experienced in replacement therapy with coagulation factors/inhibitors where monitoring of protein C activity is feasible.
CEPROTIN is administered by intravenous injection after reconstitution of the powder for solution for injection with Sterile Water for Injection. Allergic type hypersensitivity reactions are possible. See
WARNINGS/PRECAUTIONS: Hypersensitivity/Allergic Reactions
.
The dose, administration frequency and duration of treatment with CEPROTIN depends on the severity of the protein C deficiency, the patient’s age, the clinical condition of the patient and the patient’s plasma level of protein C. Therefore, the dose regimen should be adjusted according to the pharmacokinetic profile for each individual patient. See
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION: Protein C Activity Monitoring (2.2).
Table 1 provides the CEPROTIN dosing schedule for acute episodes, short-term prophylaxis and long-term prophylaxis.
Table 1: CEPROTIN Dosing Schedule for Acute Episodes, Short-term Prophylaxis and Long-term Prophylaxis
NA = Not applicable; Q = every. |
|
Initial Dose
|
Subsequent 3 Doses
|
Maintenance Dose
|
Acute Episode / Short-term Prophylaxis
|
100-120 IU/kg |
60 - 80 IU/kg Q 6 hours |
45 - 60 IU/kg Q 6 or 12 hours |
Long-term Prophylaxis |
NA |
NA |
45 - 60 IU/kg Q 12 hours |
An initial dose of 100-120 IU/kg for determination of recovery and half-life is recommended for acute episodes and short-term prophylaxis. Subsequently, the dose should be adjusted to maintain a target peak protein C activity of 100 %. After resolution of the acute episode, continue the patient on the same dose to maintain trough protein C activity level above 25% for the duration of treatment.
In patients receiving prophylactic administration of CEPROTIN, higher peak protein C activity levels may be warranted in situations of an increased risk of thrombosis (such as infection, trauma, or surgical intervention). Maintenance of trough protein C activity levels above 25% is recommended.
These dosing guidelines are also recommended for neonatal and pediatric patients. See
USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS: Pediatric Use
and
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY: Pharmacokinetics
.
Protein C Activity Monitoring
The measurement of protein C activity using a chromogenic assay is recommended for the determination of the patient’s plasma level of protein C before and during treatment with CEPROTIN. The half-life of CEPROTIN may be shortened in certain clinical conditions such as acute thrombosis, purpura fulminans and skin necrosis. See
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY: Pharmacokinetics
. In the case of an acute thrombotic event, it is recommended that protein C activity measurements be performed immediately before the next injection until the patient is stabilized. After the patient is stabilized, continue monitoring the protein C levels to maintain the trough protein C level above 25%.
Patients treated during the acute phase of their disease may display much lower increases in protein C activity. Coagulation parameters should also be checked; however, in clinical trials data were insufficient to establish correlation between protein C activity levels and coagulation parameters.
Initiation of Vitamin K Antagonists
In patients starting treatment with oral anticoagulants belonging to the class of vitamin K antagonists, a transient hypercoagulable state may arise before the desired anticoagulant effect becomes apparent. This transient effect may be explained by the fact that protein C, itself a vitamin K-dependent plasma protein, has a shorter half-life than most of the vitamin K-dependent proteins (i.e. Factor II, IX and X).
In the initial phase of treatment, the activity of protein C is more rapidly suppressed than that of the procoagulant factors. For this reason, if the patient is switched to oral anticoagulants, protein C replacement must be continued until stable anticoagulation is obtained. Although warfarin-induced skin necrosis can occur in any patient during the initiation of treatment with oral anticoagulant therapy, individuals with severe congenital protein C deficiency are particularly at risk.
During the initiation of oral anticoagulant therapy, it is advisable to start with a low dose of the anticoagulant and adjust this incrementally, rather than use a standard loading dose of the anticoagulant.
Preparation of CEPROTIN [Protein C Concentrate (Human)]
Reconstitution: Use Aseptic Technique
- Bring the CEPROTIN (powder) and Sterile Water for Injection, USP (diluent) to room temperature.
- Remove caps from the CEPROTIN and diluent vials.
- Cleanse stoppers with germicidal solution, and allow them to dry prior to use.
- Remove protective covering from one end of the double-ended transfer needle and insert exposed needle through the center of the diluent vial stopper.
- Remove protective covering from the other end of the double-ended transfer needle. Invert diluent vial over the upright CEPROTIN vial; then rapidly insert the free end of the needle through the CEPROTIN vial stopper at its center. The vacuum in the vial will draw in the diluent. If there is no vacuum in the vial, do not use the product, and contact Baxter Customer Service at 1-888-CEPROTIN (237-7684).
- Disconnect the two vials by removing the needle from the diluent vial stopper. Then, remove the transfer needle from the CEPROTIN vial. Gently swirl the vial until all powder is dissolved. Be sure that CEPROTIN is completely dissolved; otherwise, active materials will be removed by the filter needle.
Administration of CEPROTIN [Protein C Concentrate (Human)]
Administration: Use Aseptic Technique
Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit.
After reconstitution, the solution is colorless to slightly yellowish and clear to slightly opalescent and essentially free from visible particles. Do not use the product if the solution does not meet these criteria. CEPROTIN should be administered at room temperature not more than 3 hours after reconstitution.
- Attach the filter needle to a sterile, disposable syringe and draw back the plunger to admit air into the syringe.
- Insert the filter needle into the vial of reconstituted CEPROTIN.
- Inject air into the vial and then withdraw the reconstituted CEPROTIN into the syringe.
- Remove and discard the filter needle in a hard-walled Sharps container for proper disposal. Filter needles are intended to filter the contents of a single vial of CEPROTIN only.
- Attach a suitable needle or infusion set with winged adapter, and inject intravenously as instructed below under Administration by infusion.
Administration by Infusion
CEPROTIN should be administered at a maximum injection rate of 2 mL per minute except for children with a body weight of < 10 kg, where the injection rate should not exceed a rate of 0.2 mL/kg/minute.
DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS
CEPROTIN is available in single-dose vials that contain nominally 500 (blue color bar) or 1000 (green color bar) International Units (IU) human protein C and is reconstituted with 5 mL and 10 mL of Sterile Water for Injection, respectively to provide a single dose of human Protein C at a concentration of 100 IU/mL.
CEPROTIN, when reconstituted with the appropriate volume of diluent, contains the following excipients: 8 mg/mL human albumin, 4.4 mg/mL trisodium citrate dihydrate and 8.8 mg/mL sodium chloride.
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