ECONOCHLOR SUMMARY
Econochlor®
chloramphenicol
Sterile Ophthalmic
Solution and Ointment
ECONOCHLOR® (Chloramphenicol) is a sterile topical ophthalmic antibacterial prepared in solution and ointment forms.
Chloramphenicol should be used only in those serious infections for which less potentially dangerous drugs are ineffective or contraindicated. Bacteriological studies should be performed to determine the causative organisms and their sensitivity to chloramphenicol (See Box Warning). For treatment of ocular infections involving the conjunctiva and/or cornea caused by chloramphenicol-susceptible organisms.
Chloramphenicol has a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity and is effective against many gram negative and gram positive bacteria, including the following common eye pathogens:
Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococci, including Streptococcus pneumoniae
Escherichia coli
Haemophilus influenzae
Klebsiella/Enterobacter species
Neisseria species
Moraxella lacunata (Morax-Axenfeld bacillus)
The product does not provide adequate coverage against:
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Serratia marcescens
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NEWS HIGHLIGHTS
Published Studies Related to Econochlor (Chloramphenicol Ophthalmic)
Gatifloxacin versus chloramphenicol for uncomplicated enteric fever: an open-label, randomised, controlled trial. [2011.06]
BACKGROUND: We aimed to investigate whether gatifloxacin, a new generation and affordable fluoroquinolone, is better than chloramphenicol for the treatment of uncomplicated enteric fever in children and adults... INTERPRETATION: Although no more efficacious than chloramphenicol, gatifloxacin should be the preferred treatment for enteric fever in developing countries because of its shorter treatment duration and fewer adverse events. FUNDING: Wellcome Trust. Copyright (c) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Does single application of topical chloramphenicol to high risk sutured wounds reduce incidence of wound infection after minor surgery? Prospective randomised placebo controlled double blind trial. [2009.01.15]
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of a single application of topical chloramphenicol ointment in preventing wound infection after minor dermatological surgery... CONCLUSION: Application of a single dose of topical chloramphenicol to high risk sutured wounds after minor surgery produces a moderate absolute reduction in infection rate that is statistically but not clinically significant. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN73223053.
Chloramphenicol versus ampicillin plus gentamicin for community acquired very severe pneumonia among children aged 2-59 months in low resource settings: multicentre randomised controlled trial (SPEAR study). [2008.01.12]
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether five days' treatment with injectable ampicillin plus gentamicin compared with chloramphenicol reduces treatment failure in children aged 2-59 months with community acquired very severe pneumonia in low resource settings... CONCLUSION: Injectable ampicillin plus gentamicin is superior to injectable chloramphenicol for the treatment of community acquired very severe pneumonia in children aged 2-59 months in low resource settings. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN39543942.
Randomised equivalency trial comparing 2.5% povidone-iodine eye drops and ophthalmic chloramphenicol for preventing neonatal conjunctivitis in a trachoma endemic area in southern Mexico. [2007.11]
AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of 2.5% povidone-iodine eye drops (PIED) compared with ophthalmic chloramphenicol (OC) for preventing neonatal conjunctivitis... CONCLUSIONS: PIED seems to increase the risk of acquiring chlamydial conjunctivitis in neonates. Additional measures are required to prevent mother to fetus transmission of chlamydial infection during pregnancy, delivery, and after birth.
Open-label randomized trial of oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, doxycycline, and chloramphenicol compared with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and doxycycline for maintenance therapy of melioidosis. [2005.10]
Melioidosis (infection caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei) requires a prolonged course of oral antibiotics following initial intravenous therapy to reduce the risk of relapse after cessation of treatment. The current recommendation is a four-drug regimen (trimethoprim [TMP], sulfamethoxazole [SMX], doxycycline, and chloramphenicol) and a total treatment time of 12 to 20 weeks...
Clinical Trials Related to Econochlor (Chloramphenicol Ophthalmic)
Ceftriaxone Versus Chloramphenicol for Treatment of Severe Pneumonia in Children [Completed]
Acute lower respiratory tract infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in
sub Saharan Africa. The World Health Organisation (WHO) still recommends intravenous
chloramphenicol for the treatment of severe pneumonia in children aged less than five years.
However, up to 20% of children fail treatment due to the emergence of resistance by
bacteria. Several centers now use ceftriaxone, a third generation cephalosporin, which is
reported to be efficacious in the treatment of severe pneumonia. However the high cost of
ceftriaxone is too prohibitive to allow for its routine use in resource constrained
countries. The purpose of this study is to compare chloramphenicol and ceftriaxone in the
treatment of severe pneumonia in children under five.
We hypothesize that 92. 7% of children who receive once daily intravenous ceftriaxone (75
mg/kg body weight)for 7 days, will recover from severe pneumonia compared to 80. 2 % of those
who receive intravenous chloramphenicol (25mg/kg body weight/dose every 6 hours for 7 days).
Patients Response to Early Switch To Oral:Osteomyelitis Study [Not yet recruiting]
Based on the current literature, investigators hypothesize that patients with osteomyelitis
who are treated with the standard approach of intravenous antibiotics for the full duration
of therapy will have the same clinical outcomes as patients treated with the experimental
approach of intravenous antibiotics with early switch to oral antibiotics.
The primary objective of this study is to compare patients with osteomyelitis treated with
the standard approach of intravenous antibiotics for the full duration of therapy versus
patients treated with intravenous antibiotics with an early switch to oral antibiotics in
relation to clinical outcomes at 12 months after discontinuation of antibiotic therapy.
Secondary objectives of the study include the evaluation of adverse events related to the
use of antibiotics as well as the cost of care evaluated from the hospital perspective.
The Role of Umbilical Cord Serum Therapy on Improvement of Corneal Epithelial Defect Following Diabetic Vitrectomy [Active, not recruiting]
80 diabetic patients underwent vitrectomy and had no history of Eye herpes infection,
Refractive surgery, Autoimmune disease, Immune deficiency will be randomized into two groups
(double blind)to evaluate the role of umbilical cord serum therapy on improvement of corneal
epithelial defect following diabetic vitrectomy. Both groups will take the conventional
medication including Chloramphenicol, Betamethasone, Cycloplegic eye drops besides the case
group will take umbilical cord serum eye drop in the eye operated. After surgery the corneal
epithelial defect will be measured by slit lamp.
Antimicrobial Pulpotomy of Primary Molars [Completed]
There is a lack of evidence of the long-term successful outcomes of antimicrobial endodontic
treatment for primary teeth. This study intended to evaluate (by survival analysis) the
effectiveness of an antimicrobial pulpotomy (chloramphenicol, tetracycline, zinc
oxide/eugenol) in primary molars compared to calcium hydroxide pulpectomy, testing the
hypothesis that antimicrobial pulpotomy could be an alternative pulp therapy for primary
teeth with pulp inflammation or necrosis.
Village Integrated Eye Workers Trial [Recruiting]
VIEW is a community-randomized trial designed to determine whether it is possible to prevent
corneal ulcers on a large scale. The study compares the incidence of corneal ulceration
between villages in which volunteers are trained to diagnose and treat corneal abrasions and
villages which receive no intervention.
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