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Ilotycin (Erythromycin) - Description and Clinical Pharmacology

 
 



DESCRIPTION:

ILOTYCINTM Erythromycin Ophthalmic Ointment belongs to the macrolide group of antibiotics.  It is basic and readily forms a salt when combined with an acid.  The base, as crystals or powder, is slightly soluble in water, moderately soluble in ether, and readily soluble in alcohol or chloroform.  Erythromycin ((3R*, 4S*, 5S*, 6R*, 7R*, 9R*, 11R*, 12R*, 13S*, 14R*) -4-[(2,6-dideoxy-3- C -methyl-3- 0 -methyl-α-L- ribo -hexopyranosyl)oxy]-14-ethyl-7, 12,13-trihydroxy-3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13-hexamethyl-6-[[3, 4, 6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-β-D- xylo -hexopyranosyl]oxy]oxacyclotetradecane-2, 10-dione) is an antibiotic produced from a strain of Streptomyces erythraeus.  It has the following structural formula:





Molecular Formula:  C37H67NO13

Molecular Weight:  733.94

Each gram contains Erythromycin USP 5 mg in a sterile ophthalmic base of mineral oil and white petrolatum.

CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY:


Microbiology:

Erythromycin inhibits protein synthesis without affecting nucleic acid synthesis.  Erythromycin is usually active against the following organisms in vitro and in clinical infections:

Streptococcus pyogenes (group A β-hemolytic)

Alpha-hemolytic streptococci (viridans group)

Staphylococcus aureus, including penicillinase-producing strains (methicillin-resistant staphylococci are uniformly resistant to erythromycin)

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Eaton Agent, PPLO)

Haemophilus influenzae (not all strains of this organism are susceptible at the erythromycin concentrations ordinarily achieved)

Treponema pallidum

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Chlamydia trachomatis

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