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Lamotrigine (Lamotrigine) - Drug Interactions, Contraindications, Overdosage, etc

 
 



DRUG INTERACTIONS

Significant drug interactions with Lamotrigine are summarized in Table 13. Additional details of these drug interaction studies are provided in the Clinical Pharmacology section [see Clinical Pharmacology].

 

Table 13. Established and Other Potentially Significant Drug Interactions
Concomitant Drug Effect on Concentration of Lamotrigine or Concomitant Drug Clinical Comment
Estrogen-containing oral contraceptive preparations containing 30 mcg ethinylestradiol and 150 mcg levonorgestrel

↓ Lamotrigine

Decreased Lamotrigine levels approximately 50%.
↓ levonorgestrel Decrease in levonorgestrel component by 19%.
Carbamazepine (CBZ) and CBZ epoxide

↓ Lamotrigine

Addition of carbamazepine decreases Lamotrigine concentration approximately 40%.
? CBZ epoxide May increase CBZ epoxide levels.
Phenobarbital/Primidone ↓ Lamotrigine Decreased Lamotrigine concentration approximately 40%.
Phenytoin (PHT) ↓ Lamotrigine Decreased Lamotrigine concentration approximately 40%.
Rifampin ↓ Lamotrigine Decreased Lamotrigine AUC approximately 40%.
Valproate

↑ Lamotrigine

Increased Lamotrigine concentrations slightly more than 2-fold.
? valproate Decreased valproate concentrations an average of 25% over a 3-week period then stabilized in healthy volunteers; no change in controlled clinical trials in epilepsy patients.

↓ = Decreased (induces Lamotrigine glucuronidation).

↑ = Increased (inhibits Lamotrigine glucuronidation).

? = Conflicting data.

OVERDOSAGE

Human Overdose Experience

Overdoses involving quantities up to 15 g have been reported for Lamotrigine, some of which have been fatal. Overdose has resulted in ataxia, nystagmus, increased seizures, decreased level of consciousness, coma, and intraventricular conduction delay.

Management of Overdose

There are no specific antidotes for lamotrigine. Following a suspected overdose, hospitalization of the patient is advised. General supportive care is indicated, including frequent monitoring of vital signs and close observation of the patient. If indicated, emesis should be induced; usual precautions should be taken to protect the airway. It should be kept in mind that lamotrigine is rapidly absorbed [see Clinical Pharmacology] . It is uncertain whether hemodialysis is an effective means of removing lamotrigine from the blood. In 6 renal failure patients, about 20% of the amount of lamotrigine in the body was removed by hemodialysis during a 4-hour session. A Poison Control Center should be contacted for information on the management of overdosage of Lamotrigine.

CONTRAINDICATIONS

LamotrigineTablets are contraindicated in patients who have demonstrated hypersensitivity to the drug or its ingredients  [see Boxed Warning , Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 ), ( 5.2 )].

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