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Nadolol (Nadolol) - Summary

 
 



BOX WARNING

Exacerbation of Ischemic Heart Disease Following Abrupt Withdrawal

Hypersensitivity to catecholamines has been observed in patients withdrawn from beta-blocker therapy; exacerbation of angina and, in some cases, myocardial infarction have occurred after abrupt discontinuation of such therapy. When discontinuing chronically administered nadolol, particularly in patients with ischemic heart disease, the dosage should be gradually reduced over a period of one to two weeks and the patient should be carefully monitored. If angina markedly worsens or acute coronary insufficiency develops, nadolol administration should be reinstituted promptly, at least temporarily, and other measures appropriate for the management of unstable angina should be taken. Patients should be warned against interruption or discontinuation of therapy without the physician’s advice. Because coronary artery disease is common and may be unrecognized, it may be prudent not to discontinue nadolol therapy abruptly even in patients treated only for hypertension.

 

NADOLOL SUMMARY

Nadolol is a synthetic nonselective beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agent designated chemically as 1-(tert -butylamino)-3-[(5, 6, 7, 8-tetrahydro- cis -6, 7-dihydroxy-1-naphthyl)oxy]-2-propanol.

Angina Pectoris

Nadolol tablets USP are indicated for the long-term management of patients with angina pectoris.

Hypertension

Nadolol tablets USP are indicated for the treatment of hypertension, to lower blood pressure.

Lowering blood pressure reduces the risk of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events, primarily strokes and myocardial infarctions. These benefits have been seen in controlled trials of antihypertensive drugs from a wide variety of pharmacologic classes including the class to which this drug principally belongs. There are no controlled trials demonstrating risk reduction with nadolol tablets USP.

Control of high blood pressure should be part of comprehensive cardiovascular risk management, including, as appropriate, lipid control, diabetes management, antithrombotic therapy, smoking cessation, exercise, and limited sodium intake. Many patients will require more than one drug to achieve blood pressure goals. For specific advice on goals and management, see published guidelines, such as those of the National High Blood Pressure Education ProgramÂ’s Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC).

Numerous antihypertensive drugs, from a variety of pharmacologic classes and with different mechanisms of action, have been shown in randomized controlled trials to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and it can be concluded that it is blood pressure reduction, and not some other pharmacologic property of the drugs, that is largely responsible for those benefits. The largest and most consistent cardiovascular outcome benefit has been a reduction in the risk of stroke, but reductions in myocardial infarction and cardiovascular mortality also have been seen regularly.

Elevated systolic or diastolic pressure causes increased cardiovascular risk, and the absolute risk increase per mmHg is greater at higher blood pressures, so that even modest reductions of severe hypertension can provide substantial benefit. Relative risk reduction from blood pressure reduction is similar across populations with varying absolute risk, so the absolute benefit is greater in patients who are at higher risk independent of their hypertension (for example, patients with diabetes or hyperlipidemia), and such patients would be expected to benefit from more aggressive treatment to a lower blood pressure goal.

Some antihypertensive drugs have smaller blood pressure effects (as monotherapy) in black patients, and many antihypertensive drugs have additional approved indications and effects (e.g., on angina, heart failure, or diabetic kidney disease). These considerations may guide selection of therapy.

Nadolol tablets USP may be used alone or in combination with other antihypertensive agents, especially thiazide-type diuretics.


See all Nadolol indications & dosage >>

NEWS HIGHLIGHTS

Published Studies Related to Nadolol

Controlled trial of ligation plus nadolol versus nadolol alone for the prevention of first variceal bleeding. [2010.07]
CONCLUSION: The addition of ligation to nadolol may increase adverse events and did not enhance effectiveness in the prophylaxis of first variceal bleeding.

Nadolol plus isosorbide mononitrate alone or associated with band ligation in the prevention of recurrent bleeding: a multicentre randomised controlled trial. [2009.08]
CONCLUSIONS: Adding EBL to pharmacological treatment did not reduce recurrent bleeding, the need for rescue therapy, or mortality, and was associated with more adverse events. Furthermore, associating EBL to drug therapy did not reduce the high rebleeding risk of HVPG non-responders. ISRCTN26221020.

Clinical trial: a randomized controlled study on prevention of variceal rebleeding comparing nadolol + ligation vs. hepatic venous pressure gradient-guided pharmacological therapy. [2009.02.15]
BACKGROUND: Hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) monitoring of therapy to prevent variceal rebleeding provides strong prognostic information. Treatment of nonresponders to beta-blockers +/- nitrates has not been clarified. AIM: To assess the value of HVPG-guided therapy using nadolol + prazosin in nonresponders to nadolol + isosorbide-5-mononitrate (ISMN) compared with a control group treated with nadolol + ligation... CONCLUSIONS: In patients treated to prevent variceal rebleeding, the association of nadolol and prazosin effectively rescued nonresponders to nadolol and ISMN, improving the haemodynamic response observed in controls receiving nadolol and endoscopic variceal ligation. Our results also suggest that ligation may rescue nonresponders.

Comparison of endoscopic variceal ligation and nadolol plus isosorbide-5-mononitrate in the prevention of first variceal bleeding in cirrhotic patients. [2006.10]
BACKGROUND: Both drug therapy and banding ligation are widely used in the prevention of first variceal bleeding. This study compared the efficacy and safety of band ligation vs. combination of beta-blocker and nitrate for the prevention of first bleeding in patients with cirrhosis and high-risk esophageal varices... CONCLUSION: Our preliminary results suggest that endoscopic variceal ligation is similar to the combination of nadolol plus ISMN with regard to effectiveness and safety in the prevention of first variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis.

Comparative study between nadolol and 5-isosorbide mononitrate vs. endoscopic band ligation plus sclerotherapy in the prevention of variceal rebleeding in cirrhotic patients: a randomized controlled trial. [2006.08.15]
BACKGROUND: After variceal bleeding, cirrhotic patients should receive secondary prophylaxis. AIM: To compare nadolol plus 5-isosorbide mononitrate (5-ISMN) with endoscopic band ligation. The end points were rebleeding, treatment failure and death... CONCLUSION: This trial suggests no superiority of endoscopic band ligation over nadolol plus 5-ISMN mononitrate for the prevention of rebleeding in cirrhotic patients.

more studies >>

Clinical Trials Related to Nadolol

A Trial of Ligation Plus Nadolol Versus Nadolol Alone in the Prophylaxis of First Variceal Bleeding in Cirrhosis [Completed]
The value of banding ligation plus beta blocker in the prophylaxis of first episodes of variceal bleeding has not yet been evaluated. This study was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of banding ligation plus nadolol versus nadolol in the prophylaxis of first bleeding in cirrhotic patients with high-risk esophageal varices.

Nadolol for Proliferating Infantile Hemangiomas [Completed]
The purpose of this study is to explore the efficacy and safety of Nadolol in hemangiomas of infancy. The secondary objective is to assess the feasibility of conducting a randomized controlled trial comparing nadolol with corticosteroids and propranolol.

Nadolol Versus Propranolol in Children With Infantile Hemangiomas [Not yet recruiting]
The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of oral propranolol versus nadolol in patients with Infantile Hemangiomas (IH) in a randomized, controlled, double-blinded study.

Endoscopic Cyanoacrylate Obliteration vs. Nadolol Treatment in the Prevention of Gastric Variceal Rebleeding [Recruiting]
Gastric variceal bleeding has a very high rebleeding rate even after endoscopic variceal injection of cyanoacrylate (GVO) which is considered the first choice of endoscopic treatment. Beta-blocker (BB) is effective to lower portal pressure. We hypothesized combination of GVO and BB can further decrease the rebleeding rate.

Oral Nadolol for the Treatment of Adults With Mild Asthma [Completed]
The purpose of this study is to confirm previous observations in asthmatics that chronic nadolol treatment reduces asthmatic airway hyper-responsiveness.

more trials >>

Reports of Suspected Nadolol Side Effects

Completed Suicide (15)Dizziness (10)Respiratory Arrest (6)Cardiac Arrest (6)Left Ventricular Dysfunction (4)Toxicity TO Various Agents (4)Anxiety (4)Skin Exfoliation (3)Erythema (3)Somnolence (3)more >>


Page last updated: 2010-10-05

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