Antimicrobial Pharmacokinetics in Critically Ill Adults During Sustained Low Efficiency Dialysis (SLED)

Condition(s) targeted: Critical Illness; Kidney Injury; Pharmacokinetics

Intervention: serial serum sampling for quantification of drug concentration (Other)

Phase: N/A

Status: Not yet recruiting

Sponsored by: Ottawa Hospital Research Institute

Overall contact:
Salmaan Kanji, Pharm.D., Phone: 613-737-8899, Ext: 78159, Email: skanji@toh.on.ca

Severe acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of critical illness affecting almost half of all patients with septic shock. Extracorporeal renal replacement therapy is a cornerstone in the management of AKI in these patients. Options for renal replacement therapy include continuous renal replacement (CRRT) therapy, intermittent dialysis (IHD) or a hybrid form of the two called sustained low efficiency dialysis (SLED). Globally there is a push to switch from traditional CRRT to SLED. Although there are resource and financial comparative benefits to SLED there is almost no literature describing how to dose antimicrobials (or other drugs for that matter). It appears that drug clearance on SLED may be more efficient than CRRT but not as efficient as IHD making extrapolation from these bodies of literature inappropriate for SLED. The investigators are proposing to conduct the population pharmacokinetic studies for the three most commonly used antimicrobials in critically ill patients receiving SLED therapy (piperacillin-tazobactam, meropenem and vancomycin). Population pharmacokinetic modeling of these drugs will provide estimates and sources of variability around pharmacokinetic parameters that will subsequently be used for Monte Carlo simulation to determine the most appropriate dosing regimens to achieve therapeutic targets while minimizing the risk of toxicity.

Official title: Antimicrobial Pharmacokinetics in Critically Ill Adults During Sustained Low Efficiency Dialysis (SLED)

Study design: Observational Model: Cohort, Time Perspective: Prospective

Primary outcome:

drug clearance

volume of distribution

Minimum age: 18 Years. Maximum age: N/A. Gender(s): Both.

Criteria:

Inclusion Criteria:

- Critically ill adults [age ≥ 18] admitted to one of two of the medical/surgical

intensive care units (ICUs) of The Ottawa Hospital, who require SLED and are or will receive meropenem, piperacillin-tazobactam or vancomycin therapy at any dose. Exclusion Criteria:

- Patients for whom participation via the informed consent process is denied.

- Critically ill patients with a hypermetabolic state due to >25% coverage of body

surface area burn, cystic fibrosis, spinal cord injury, bariatric patients (defined as >150kg total body weight)

- Patient is pregnant as per a positive serum or urine βHCG qualitative assay

- Patient does not have a closed-system arterial or central venous catheter (to

minimize blood wastage)

- Patients receiving concomitant drugs known to interact with the metabolism or

clearance of the antimicrobial of interest according to Micromedex 2. 0 (Truven Health Analytics Inc 2013)

Salmaan Kanji, Pharm.D., Phone: 613-737-8899, Ext: 78159, Email: skanji@toh.on.ca

The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L6, Canada; Not yet recruiting
Salmaan Kanji, Email: skanji@toh.on.ca

Starting date: October 2014
Last updated: September 15, 2014