Comparison of Intravenous Cefazolin Plus Oral Probenecid With Oral Cephalexin for the Treatment of Cellulitis
Information source: Kelowna General Hospital
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on August 23, 2015 Link to the current ClinicalTrials.gov record.
Condition(s) targeted: Cellulitis
Intervention: IV cefazolin plus oral probenecid and placebo cephalexin (Drug); Oral cephalexin and saline IV plus probenecid placebo (Drug)
Phase: Phase 2
Status: Completed
Sponsored by: Kelowna General Hospital Official(s) and/or principal investigator(s): Dawn Dalen, PharmD, Principal Investigator, Affiliation: Interior Health, Canada Peter Zed, PharmD, Principal Investigator, Affiliation: Capital Health, Canada
Summary
The purpose of this study is to determine whether oral cephalexin is equivalent to
intravenous cefazolin plus oral probenecid for the treatment of uncomplicated skin and soft
tissue infections in patients that present to the emergency department.
Clinical Details
Official title: Intravenous Cefazolin Plus Oral Probenecid vs. Oral Cephalexin for the Treatment of Cellulitis: a Randomized Controlled Trial
Study design: Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Safety/Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment, Masking: Double Blind (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor), Primary Purpose: Treatment
Primary outcome: The proportion of patients failing therapy after 72 hours of antibiotic treatment with oral cephalexin or intravenous cefazolin plus oral probenecid.
Detailed description:
Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are a common reason for presentation to an Emergency
Department (ED) in Canada. Although many patients with mild SSTI are able to be managed at
home with oral antibiotics, those with mild-moderate infections are often treated with
parenteral antibiotics. Current practice patterns in Canadian EDs indicate this patient
population is often treated with intravenous cefazolin once daily along with oral probenecid
and return to the ED or other ambulatory setting for daily medication administration and
assessment. This parenteral regimen has been found to result in success rates comparable to
studies which have evaluated treatment success with oral antibiotics in this patient
population (89-97%). Although successful outcome can be achieved with this approach, it is
often inconvenient for the patient to return to the ED/ambulatory care unit daily and does
contribute to overall ED/ambulatory care visit volumes and overall health care costs.
Unfortunately, there has never been a study which has evaluated the relative efficacy and
safety or oral antibiotics to the aforementioned parenteral approach in this patient
population and thus there remains a significant knowledge gap which must be addressed before
a change in current practice can be explored.
The objective of the study is to determine whether oral cephalexin is equivalent to
intravenous cefazolin plus oral probenecid for the treatment of uncomplicated SSTIs in
patients that present to the ED. This study will be a prospective, multi-centered,
randomized controlled non-inferiority trial comparing cephalexin 500 mg orally four times to
cefazolin 2 g IV plus probenecid 1 g orally, in patients presenting to the ED with presumed
diagnosis of SSTI. The primary outcome will be to compare the proportion of patients failing
therapy for their cellulitis after 72 hours of antibiotic treatment with oral cephalexin or
IV cefazolin/oral probenecid 1 g daily. Secondary outcomes include the clinical cure rate
at 7 days, percentage of patients requiring hospital admission, percentage of patients
stepped down to oral antibiotics on or before day 7 of therapy, percentage of patients
requiring an additional antibiotic prescription on day 7, and the frequency of adverse
events.
Eligibility
Minimum age: 19 Years.
Maximum age: N/A.
Gender(s): Both.
Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:
- Patients presenting to the emergency department with a presumed diagnosis of mild to
moderate skin and soft tissue infection
- Deemed well enough to be treated as an outpatient
- 19 years of age or older
Exclusion Criteria:
- known allergy to study drugs
- known chronic kidney disease with a creatinine clearance <30 mL/min
- known previous methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection
- use of antibiotics for greater than 24 hours in the past 7 days
- wound/abscess requiring operative debridement or incision and drainage
- suspected necrotizing fasciitis, osteomyelitis or septic arthritis
- febrile neutropenia
- concomitant documented bacteremia
- Two or more signs of systemic sepsis
- new altered mental status
- infections at a site involving prosthetic materials
- animal or human bite wound infections
- post-operative wound infections
- known peripheral vascular disease
- superficial thrombophlebitis
- pregnant/breastfeeding
- obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m2)
Locations and Contacts
Kelowna General Hospital, Kelowna, British Columbia V1Y 1T2, Canada
Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 1V7, Canada
Additional Information
Starting date: May 2010
Last updated: January 13, 2015
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